Standard name Systematic name Name description Description
CRN1 YLR429W Coronin Coronin; cortical actin cytoskeletal component that associates with the Arp2p/Arp3p complex to regulate its activity; plays a role in regulation of actin patch assembly
Visualize the interactome of CRN1
Links to external databases:
SGD   |   KEGG   |  

Cell cycle phase and timing of transcription peak

Cell cycle phase Time (min)

CYCLoPs localization & abundance

WT1 WT2 WT3
Bud 0.091 0.081 0.084
Cort. Patches 0.283 0.399 0.347
Golgi 0.162 0.382 0.487
Mito 0.814 0.562 0.390
Peroxisome 0.204 0.142 0.214

GFP localization & abundance

GFP localization GFP abundance
actin 2900

GO term count

Metabolism Cell cycle Cell division Signal transduction DNA replication
CRN1 0 0 0 0 0

List of interactors

Use the search utility to find the interactor you are looking for. By clicking the column headers the table will be sorted on that column. Use shift+click to sort on multiple columns. Default sorting is on number of experiments, number of unique methods and the number of publications, and alphabetical on standard name, in that order.
Standard name Systematic name Name description Type #Experiments #Methods #Publications Evidence
COF1 YLL050C Cofilin, involved in pH-dependent actin filament depolarization genetic 4 4 4 Synthetic Growth Defect, Synthetic Lethality, Phenotypic Enhancement, Negative Genetic
ARP2 YDL029W Essential component of the Arp2/3 complex physical 4 4 3 Affinity Capture-Western, Co-fractionation, Reconstituted Complex, Affinity Capture-MS
ACT1 YFL039C Actin, structural protein in cytoskeleton physical 3 3 3 Affinity Capture-MS, Co-fractionation, Reconstituted Complex
ACT1 YFL039C Actin, structural protein in cytoskeleton genetic 3 2 3 Synthetic Growth Defect, Negative Genetic, Negative Genetic
SEC14 YMR079W Phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylcholine transfer protein genetic 3 2 3 Synthetic Growth Defect, Synthetic Growth Defect, Synthetic Lethality
SVL3 YPL032C Protein of unknown function physical 3 1 3 Two-hybrid, Two-hybrid, Two-hybrid
CRN1 YLR429W Coronin physical 3 1 3 Two-hybrid, Two-hybrid, Two-hybrid
ARC35 YNR035C Subunit of the ARP2/3 complex genetic 2 2 2 Synthetic Rescue, Negative Genetic
ARP2 YDL029W Essential component of the Arp2/3 complex genetic 2 2 2 Synthetic Growth Defect, Negative Genetic
ARP3 YJR065C Essential component of the Arp2/3 complex physical 2 2 2 Affinity Capture-MS, Reconstituted Complex
COF1 YLL050C Cofilin, involved in pH-dependent actin filament depolarization physical 2 2 2 Affinity Capture-MS, Co-fractionation
ASR1 YPR093C Ubiquitin ligase that modifies and regulates RNA Pol II genetic 2 2 2 Phenotypic Suppression, Negative Genetic
SUP45 YBR143C Polypeptide release factor (eRF1) in translation termination physical 2 1 2 Affinity Capture-MS, Affinity Capture-MS
NUP42 YDR192C FG-nucleoporin component of central core of the nuclear pore complex genetic 2 1 2 Negative Genetic, Negative Genetic
UFD1 YGR048W Substrate-recruiting cofactor of the Cdc48p-Npl4p-Ufd1p segregase genetic 2 1 2 Negative Genetic, Negative Genetic
PAU12 YGR294W Protein of unknown function genetic 2 1 2 Negative Genetic, Negative Genetic
PTM1 YKL039W Protein of unknown function genetic 2 1 2 Negative Genetic, Negative Genetic
JNM1 YMR294W Component of the yeast dynactin complex genetic 2 1 2 Negative Genetic, Negative Genetic
SUT2 YPR009W Zn2Cys6 family transcription factor genetic 2 1 2 Negative Genetic, Negative Genetic
MID2 YLR332W O-glycosylated plasma membrane protein physical 2 2 1 Two-hybrid, Affinity Capture-MS
TWF1 YGR080W Twinfilin genetic 2 2 1 Synthetic Lethality, Phenotypic Enhancement
AIP1 YMR092C Actin cortical patch component genetic 2 2 1 Synthetic Lethality, Phenotypic Enhancement
AIM7 YDR063W Protein that interacts with Arp2/3 complex genetic 2 2 1 Synthetic Growth Defect, Phenotypic Enhancement
SFP1 YLR403W Regulates transcription of ribosomal protein and biogenesis genes regulation 1 1 1 DNA to cDNA expression microarray evidence
TFC7 YOR110W RNA pol III transcription initiation factor complex (TFIIIC) subunit regulation 1 1 1 chromatin immunoprecipitation-chip evidence
CST6 YIL036W Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor from ATF/CREB family regulation 1 1 1 DNA to cDNA expression microarray evidence
TUP1 YCR084C General repressor of transcription in complex with Cyc8p regulation 1 1 1 DNA to cDNA expression microarray evidence
RAD53 YPL153C DNA damage response kinase regulation 1 1 1 protein kinase assay evidence
AME1 YBR211C Essential kinetochore protein associated with microtubules and SPBs genetic 1 1 1 Positive Genetic
APL6 YGR261C Beta3-like subunit of the yeast AP-3 complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
ARC15 YIL062C Subunit of the ARP2/3 complex genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
ARC40 YBR234C Subunit of the ARP2/3 complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
ASF1 YJL115W Nucleosome assembly factor genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
CDC28 YBR160W Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) catalytic subunit physical 1 1 1 Biochemical Activity
CDC28 YBR160W Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) catalytic subunit genetic 1 1 1 Dosage Lethality
CDC10 YCR002C Component of the septin ring, required for cytokinesis genetic 1 1 1 Positive Genetic
BNI1 YNL271C Formin physical 1 1 1 Reconstituted Complex
CMD1 YBR109C Calmodulin genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SEC31 YDL195W Component of the Sec13p-Sec31p complex of the COPII vesicle coat physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SKP1 YDR328C Evolutionarily conserved kinetochore protein physical 1 1 1 Two-hybrid
SPC72 YAL047C Gamma-tubulin small complex (gamma-TuSC) receptor physical 1 1 1 Two-hybrid
SAW1 YAL027W 5'- and 3'-flap DNA binding protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RFA1 YAR007C Subunit of heterotrimeric Replication Protein A (RPA) physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
KTI11 YBL071W-A Zn-ribbon protein that co-purifies with Dph1 and Dph2 physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
NUP170 YBL079W Subunit of inner ring of nuclear pore complex (NPC) physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
IFA38 YBR159W Microsomal beta-keto-reductase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SAT4 YCR008W Ser/Thr protein kinase involved in salt tolerance, nutrient response physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RVS161 YCR009C Amphiphysin-like lipid raft protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RVS161 YCR009C Amphiphysin-like lipid raft protein genetic 1 1 1 Synthetic Growth Defect
YCR043C YCR043C Putative protein of unknown function physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
PMT1 YDL095W Protein O-mannosyltransferase of the ER membrane physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
PPH21 YDL134C Catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, PP2A physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RAD34 YDR314C Protein involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
DOT1 YDR440W Nucleosomal histone H3-Lys79 methylase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
IRC22 YEL001C Protein of unknown function physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RAD23 YEL037C Protein with ubiquitin-like N terminus physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
TPA1 YER049W Prolyl hydroxylase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
UBP6 YFR010W Ubiquitin-specific protease physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
NUP145 YGL092W Essential protein with distinct roles in two nuclear pore subcomplexes physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
MLC1 YGL106W Essential light chain for Myo1p physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RTG2 YGL252C Sensor of mitochondrial dysfunction physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SEC28 YIL076W Epsilon-COP subunit of the coatomer physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
DPH1 YIL103W Protein required for synthesis of diphthamide physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
HCA4 YJL033W DEAD box RNA helicase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
TIF2 YJL138C Translation initiation factor eIF4A physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
YPK1 YKL126W S/T protein kinase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
ELF1 YKL160W Transcription elongation factor with a conserved zinc finger domain physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
NUP133 YKR082W Subunit of Nup84p subcomplex of nuclear pore complex (NPC) physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
HIF1 YLL022C Non-essential component of the HAT-B histone acetyltransferase complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
GTT2 YLL060C Glutathione S-transferase capable of homodimerization physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
MSS51 YLR203C Specific translational activator for the mitochondrial COX1 mRNA physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
YSH1 YLR277C Endoribonuclease physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
NOP14 YDL148C Nucleolar protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
HMO1 YDR174W Chromatin associated high mobility group (HMG) family member physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
TCP1 YDR212W Alpha subunit of chaperonin-containing T-complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
YRA1 YDR381W Nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RVS167 YDR388W Calmodulin-binding actin-associated protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
VMA8 YEL051W Subunit D of the V1 peripheral membrane domain of V-ATPase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
PIL1 YGR086C Eisosome core component physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
MAM33 YIL070C Acidic protein of the mitochondrial matrix physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
NET1 YJL076W Core subunit of the RENT complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
NAP1 YKR048C Histone chaperone and assembly chaperone for Rps6a/b physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SRP40 YKR092C Nucleolar serine-rich protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
CSR1 YLR380W Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SEG1 YMR086W Component of eisosome required for proper eisosome assembly physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
PNO1 YOR145C Essential nucleolar protein required for pre-18S rRNA processing physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
LSP1 YPL004C Eisosome core component physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SAR1 YPL218W ARF family GTPase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RAD33 YML011C Protein involved in nucleotide excision repair physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RRP5 YMR229C RNA binding protein involved in synthesis of 18S and 5.8S rRNAs physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
CUS1 YMR240C Protein required for assembly of U2 snRNP into the spliceosome physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
HHT2 YNL031C Histone H3 physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
MSK1 YNL073W Mitochondrial lysine-tRNA synthetase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
UBP2 YOR124C Ubiquitin-specific protease physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RAD1 YPL022W Single-stranded DNA endonuclease (with Rad10p) physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SGV1 YPR161C Cyclin (Bur2p)-dependent protein kinase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
TDP1 YBR223C Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
PST2 YDR032C FMN-dependent NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RIM4 YHL024W Putative RNA-binding protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
TED1 YIL039W GPI-glycan remodelase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SRS2 YJL092W DNA helicase and DNA-dependent ATPase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SIW14 YNL032W Inositol phosphatase involved in inositol pyrophosphate metabolism physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SUI1 YNL244C Translation initiation factor eIF1 physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
HTZ1 YOL012C Histone variant H2AZ physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
MCM5 YLR274W Component of the Mcm2-7 hexameric helicase complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
PWP1 YLR196W Protein with WD-40 repeats involved in rRNA processing physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
IRE1 YHR079C Serine-threonine kinase and endoribonuclease physical 1 1 1 Biochemical Activity
YCK1 YHR135C Palmitoylated plasma membrane-bound casein kinase I (CK1) isoform physical 1 1 1 Biochemical Activity
YCK2 YNL154C Palmitoylated plasma membrane-bound casein kinase I (CK1) isoform physical 1 1 1 Biochemical Activity
NAB2 YGL122C Nuclear polyadenylated RNA-binding protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-RNA
MYO2 YOR326W Type V myosin motor involved in actin-based transport of cargos physical 1 1 1 Reconstituted Complex
MYO4 YAL029C Type V myosin motor involved in actin-based transport of cargos physical 1 1 1 Reconstituted Complex
LAS17 YOR181W Actin assembly factor physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
RSP5 YER125W NEDD4 family E3 ubiquitin ligase physical 1 1 1 Protein-peptide
PXA1 YPL147W Subunit of heterodimeric peroxisomal ABC transport complex, with Pxa2p physical 1 1 1 PCA
UBI4 YLL039C Ubiquitin physical 1 1 1 Reconstituted Complex
SSB2 YNL209W Cytoplasmic ATPase that is a ribosome-associated molecular chaperone physical 1 1 1 Co-purification
SSB1 YDL229W Cytoplasmic ATPase that is a ribosome-associated molecular chaperone physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SUP35 YDR172W Translation termination factor eRF3 physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SAM50 YNL026W Component of the Sorting and Assembly Machinery (SAM) complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
DHH1 YDL160C Cytoplasmic DEAD-box helicase and mRNA decapping activator physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-RNA
MED7 YOL135C Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SRB4 YER022W Subunit of the RNA polymerase II mediator complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
VTS1 YOR359W Flap-structured DNA-binding and RNA-binding protein physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-RNA
RRP6 YOR001W Nuclear exosome exonuclease component physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SLG1 YOR008C Sensor-transducer of the stress-activated PKC1-MPK1 kinase pathway physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SEC61 YLR378C Conserved ER protein translocation channel physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
SNF4 YGL115W Activating gamma subunit of the AMP-activated Snf1p kinase complex genetic 1 1 1 Phenotypic Enhancement
SGF73 YGL066W Subunit of DUBm module of SAGA and SLIK genetic 1 1 1 Synthetic Growth Defect
UBP3 YER151C Ubiquitin-specific protease that cleaves Ub-protein fusions genetic 1 1 1 Synthetic Growth Defect
NIP100 YPL174C Large subunit of the dynactin complex genetic 1 1 1 Synthetic Growth Defect
SLA1 YBL007C Cytoskeletal protein binding protein genetic 1 1 1 Phenotypic Enhancement
TAF5 YBR198C Subunit (90 kDa) of TFIID and SAGA complexes genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
GRE3 YHR104W Aldose reductase genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SIR2 YDL042C Conserved NAD+ dependent histone deacetylase of the Sirtuin family genetic 1 1 1 Synthetic Growth Defect
EXO70 YJL085W Subunit of the exocyst complex genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
PDC5 YLR134W Minor isoform of pyruvate decarboxylase genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
MGE1 YOR232W Mitochondrial matrix cochaperone genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
TOR2 YKL203C PIK-related protein kinase and rapamycin target genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
NPL3 YDR432W RNA-binding protein genetic 1 1 1 Synthetic Growth Defect
YKU70 YMR284W Subunit of the telomeric Ku complex (Yku70p-Yku80p) genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
RTT107 YHR154W BRCA1 C-terminal domain protein needed for recovery from DNA damage genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
PKC1 YBL105C Protein serine/threonine kinase genetic 1 1 1 Positive Genetic
EMC1 YCL045C Member of conserved endoplasmic reticulum membrane complex genetic 1 1 1 Positive Genetic
DPL1 YDR294C Dihydrosphingosine phosphate lyase genetic 1 1 1 Positive Genetic
UTP7 YER082C Nucleolar protein genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SCC4 YER147C Subunit of cohesin loading factor (Scc2p-Scc4p) genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SEC4 YFL005W Rab family GTPase genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
DHR2 YKL078W Predominantly nucleolar DEAH-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
GPN3 YLR243W Putative GTPase with a role in biogenesis of RNA pol II and polIII genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SRV2 YNL138W CAP (cyclase-associated protein) genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
PRP2 YNR011C RNA-dependent DExD/H-box ATPase genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
RPB11 YOL005C RNA polymerase II subunit B12.5 genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SWI1 YPL016W Subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
TIF6 YPR016C Constituent of 66S pre-ribosomal particles genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SEC8 YPR055W Essential 121 kDa subunit of the exocyst complex genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SMX3 YPR182W Core Sm protein Sm F genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SAC6 YDR129C Fimbrin, actin-bundling protein genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
YDR391C YDR391C Putative protein of unknown function genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
YDR541C YDR541C Aldehyde reductase genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
YGR017W YGR017W Putative protein of unknown function genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
PAC10 YGR078C Part of the heteromeric co-chaperone GimC/prefoldin complex genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
MRPL9 YGR220C Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
GUT2 YIL155C Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
MEF2 YJL102W Mitochondrial elongation factor involved in translational elongation genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
MET5 YJR137C Sulfite reductase beta subunit genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
PSG1 YKL077W Protein that promotes the transport and maturation of Pma1 with Exp1 genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
RSM22 YKL155C Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the small subunit genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
NUM1 YDR150W Protein required for nuclear migration genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
MTG1 YMR097C Putative GTPase peripheral to the mitochondrial inner membrane genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SRT1 YMR101C Forms the dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase (DDS) complex with NUS1 genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
MRPL24 YMR193W Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
MRP35 YNL122C Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
GIM3 YNL153C Subunit of the heterohexameric cochaperone prefoldin complex genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
MRPL19 YNL185C Mitochondrial ribosomal protein of the large subunit genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
YOL024W YOL024W Putative protein of unknown function genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
HIR2 YOR038C Subunit of HIR nucleosome assembly complex genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
RDR1 YOR380W Transcriptional repressor involved in regulating multidrug resistance genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
PAU22 YPL282C Protein of unknown function genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
DBF20 YPR111W Ser/Thr kinase involved in late nuclear division genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
CSE4 YKL049C Centromeric histone H3-like protein genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
SWR1 YDR334W Swi2/Snf2-related ATPase genetic 1 1 1 Phenotypic Suppression
BCK1 YJL095W MAPKKK acting in the protein kinase C signaling pathway physical 1 1 1 Biochemical Activity
BRE2 YLR015W Subunit of COMPASS (Set1C) complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
BBC1 YJL020C Protein possibly involved in assembly of actin patches physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
CAF20 YOR276W Phosphoprotein of the mRNA cap-binding complex physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
AAC3 YBR085W Mitochondrial inner membrane ADP/ATP translocator genetic 1 1 1 Positive Genetic
APP1 YNL094W Phosphatidate phosphatase, converts phosphatidate to diacylglycerol physical 1 1 1 Two-hybrid
ASR1 YPR093C Ubiquitin ligase that modifies and regulates RNA Pol II physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
BUB3 YOR026W Kinetochore checkpoint WD40 repeat protein genetic 1 1 1 Synthetic Lethality
CDC7 YDL017W S/T kinase and catalytic subunit of DDK (Dbf4-dependent kinase) physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
ATG1 YGL180W Protein serine/threonine kinase physical 1 1 1 Biochemical Activity
ATG1 YGL180W Protein serine/threonine kinase genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
ACF2 YLR144C Intracellular beta-1,3-endoglucanase physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
CAP2 YIL034C Beta subunit of the capping protein heterodimer (Cap1p and Cap2p) genetic 1 1 1 Synthetic Lethality
CFD1 YIL003W Highly conserved iron-sulfur cluster binding protein genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic
COA4 YLR218C Twin Cx(9)C protein involved in cytochrome c oxidase organization physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
CAJ1 YER048C Nuclear type II J heat shock protein of the E. coli dnaJ family physical 1 1 1 Affinity Capture-MS
AAD16 YFL057C Putative aryl alcohol dehydrogenase genetic 1 1 1 Negative Genetic